ISSN: 2148-8274 / E-ISSN: 2587-0084
, Türk Üreme Tıbbı ve Cerrahisi
Dergisi

Turkish Journal of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery

Dernek Sitesi
Kayıtlı İndexler
DERLEMELER

Adolescent Endometriosis
Adolesan Endometriozis
Received Date : 14 Jan 2020
Accepted Date : 23 Nov 2020
Available Online : 03 Feb 2021
Doi: 10.24074/tjrms.2019-72881 - Makale Dili: TR
TJRMS. 2020;4(1):29-38
ÖZET
Endometriozis adolesan ve erişkin yaş kadınlarında en sık görülen jinekolojik sorunlardan birisidir. Endometriozis tanısı için laparoskopik ve patolojik değerlendirme gereklidir. Adolesanlarda laparoskopi tanısı konan endometriozis prevalansı %19-70 dir. Kesin prevalansı bilinemez ve tahmin temellidir. Adolesan endometriozis tanısı anamnez, fizik muayene ve palvik ultrasonografi temellidir. Endometriozis tanısı medikal tedavi seçeneklerine dirençli persistan siklik/siklik olmayan kronik pelvik ağrı, dismenore varlığında düşünülmelidir. Adolesan endometriozisinde aile öyküsü, obstrüktif tip genital anomaliler ve yenidoğan kanamaları en populer etiyolojik faktörlerdir. Endometriozis tüm formları (endometrioma ve derin infiltratif endometrioziside (DİE) içeren) adolesanlarda bulunabilir. Adolesan endometriozis vakalarında ilk tedavi seçenekleri laparoskopi yapılmış ise laparoskopik ablasyon/eksizyon ve medikal (NSAİİ(Non steroid antiinflamatuar ilaçlar), progestinler ve KOK (Kombine oral kontraseptif haplar)) tedavilerdir.
ABSTRACT
Endometriosis is one of the most important gynecologic disorder in adolescent and reproductive age women. The laparoscopic and pathologic investigation is necessary for the diagnosis of endometriosis. The prevalence of laparoscopically diagnosed endometriosis in adolescents ranged widely from 19 to 70%. The exact prevalance of endometriosis in adolescent is unknown and based on estimate. The diagnosis of adolescent endometriosis has been identified based on history, physical examination, and pelvic ultrasonography. Endometriosis should be considered in patients with persistent, clinically significant dysmenorrhea, cyclic/acyclic chronic pelvic pain despite treatment with medical options. Family history, obstructive genital abnormalities and neonatal bleeding is most popular aetiologic factors in adolescent endometriosis. All stages forms of endometriosis (including endometrioma and deep infiltrating endometriosis) are found in adolescent.. The first line treatment options in adolescent endometriosis is surgical (If laparoscopy is to be undertaken) (laparoscopic ablation/excision) and medical (NSAIDs (nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs), progestins and COC (Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill)). Therapy must be individualized
REFERANSLAR
  1. Sarıdogan E. Adolescent endometriosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2017;209:46-49.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  2. Marsh EE, Laufer MR. Endometriosis in premenarcheal girls who do not have an associated obstructive anomaly. Fertil Steril. 2005;83(3):758-60.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  3. D'Hooghe TM, Debrock S, Hill JA, Meuleman C. Endometriosis and subfertility: is the relationship resolved? Semin Reprod Med. 2003;21(2):243-54.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  4. Fauconnier A, Chapron C. Endometriosis and pelvic pain: epidemiological evidence of the relationship and implications. Hum Reprod Update. 2005;11(6):595-606.[Crossref] 
  5. Vercellini P, Fedele L, Arcaini L. Laparoscopy in the diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain in adolescent women. J Reprod Med. 1989;34:827-30.
  6. Kontoravdis A, Hassan E, Hassiakos D. Laparoscopic evaluation and management of chronic pelvic pain during adolescence. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 1999;26(2):76-7.
  7. Janssen EB, Rijkers AC, Hoppenbrouwers K. Prevalence of endometriosis diagnosed by laparoscopy in adolescents with dysmenorrhea or chronic pelvic pain: a systematic review. Hum Reprod Update. 2013 19:570-82.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  8. Laufer MR, Goitein L, Bush M. Prevalence of endometriosis in adolescent girls with chronic pelvic pain not responding to conventional therapy. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 1997;10(4):199-202.[Crossref] 
  9. Reese KA, Reddy S, Rock JA. Endometriosis in an adolescent population:the Emory experience. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 1996;9(3): 125-8.[Crossref] 
  10. Haas D, Chvatal R, Reichert B. Endometriosis: a premenopausal disease? Age pattern in 42,079 patients with endometriosis. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2012;286(3):667-70.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  11. Brosens I, Gordts S, Benagiano G. Endometriosis in adolescents is a hidden, progressive and severe disease that deserves attention, not just compassion. Hum Reprod. 2013;28(8):2026-31.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  12. Audebert A, Lecointre L, Afors K, Koch A, Wattiez A, Akladios C. Adolescent endometriosis: report of a series of 55 cases with a focus on clinical presentation and long-term issues. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2015;22(5):834-40.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  13. Yang Y, Wang Y, Yang J, Wang S, Lang J. Adolescent endometriosis in China: a retrospective analysis of 63 cases. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2012;25(5):295-9.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  14. Brosens, I., Benagiano, G. Is neonatal uterine bleeding involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis as a source of stem cells? Fertil. Steril. 2013;100:622-3.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  15. Brosens I, Benagiano G. Clinical significance of neonatal menstruation. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2016;196:57-9.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  16. Ober, W.B., Bernstein, J. Observations on the endometrium and ovary in the newborn. Pediatrics. 1955;16:445-60.
  17. Huber A. Häufigkeit der physiologischen vaginalen Neugeborenenblutung [Frequency of physiological vaginal hemorrhage in the newborn]. Zentralbl Gynäkol. 1976;98:1017-20.
  18. Kaiser R, Grässel G. Frequenz und Starke der uterinen Neugeborenen-blutung [Incidence and intensity of uterine bleeding in the neonate]. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilk. 1974;34: 644-8
  19. Arcellana RC, Robinson TW, Tyson RW. McKusick-Kaufman syndrome with legal complications of hydrometrocolpos and congenital endometriosis. J Perinatol. 1997;17(3 Pt 1): 220-223.
  20. Dun EC, Kho KA, Morozov VV, et al. Endometriosis in adolescents. JSLS. 2015;19: e2015.00019.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  21. Matalliotakis M, Goulielmos GN, Matalliotaki C, et al. Endometriosis in adolescents and young girls: report of a series of 85 cases. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2017;30(5):568-70.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  22. Burney RO, Giudice LC. Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of endometriosis. Fertil Steril. 2012;98:511-9.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  23. Smorgick N, As-Sanie S, Marsh CA, Smith YR, Quint EH. Advanced stage endometriosis in adolescents and young women. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2014;27:320-3.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  24. Stavroulis AI, Saridogan E, Creighton SM, Cutner AS. Laparoscopic treatment of endometriosis in teenagers. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2006;125(2):248-50.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  25. Davis GD, Thillet E, Lindemann J. Clinical characteristics of adolescent endometriosis. J Adolesc Health. 1993;14(5):362-8.[Crossref] 
  26. Vicino M, Parazzini F, Cipriani S, Frontino G. Endometriosis in young women: the experience of GISE. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2010;23(4):223-5.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  27. Hans Evers JL. Is adolescent endometriosis a progressive disease that needs to be diagnosed and treated? Hum Reprod. 2013;28(8): 2023.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  28. Dunselman GA, Vermeulen N, Becker C, Calhaz-Jorge C, D'Hooghe T, De Bie B, et al. ESHRE guideline: management of women with endometriosis. Hum Reprod 2014;29: 400-12.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  29. Hadfield R, Mardon H, Barlow D, Kennedy S. Delay in the diagnosis of endometriosis: a survey of women from the USA and UK. Hum Reprod. 1996;11(4):878-80.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  30. Ballweg ML. Big picture of endometriosis helps provide guidance on approach to teens: comparative historical data show endo starting younger, is more severe. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2003;16(3 Suppl):S21-6.[Crossref] 
  31. Soliman AM, Fuldeore M, Snabes MC. Factors associated with time to endometriosis diagnosis in the United States. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2017;26(7):788-97.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  32. Arruda MS, Petta CA, Abrão MS, Benetti-Pinto CL. Time elapsed from onset of symptoms to diagnosis of endometriosis in a cohort study of Brazilian women. Hum Reprod. 2003;18(4): 756-9.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  33. Husby GK, Haugen RS, Moen MH. Diagnostic delay in women with pain and endometriosis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2003;82(7): 649-53.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  34. Hudelist G, Fritzer N, Thomas A, Niehues C, Oppelt P, Haas D, et al. Diagnostic delay for endometriosis in Austria and Germany: causes and possible consequences. Hum Reprod. 2012;27(12):3412-6.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  35. Staal AH, van der Zanden M, Nap AW. Diagnostic Delay of Endometriosis in the Netherlands. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2016;81:321-4.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  36. North H. Endometriosis Diagnosis Survey 2011:Jan 10th - Feb 4th. Endometriosis UK; 2011. p.1-3.
  37. Pugsley Z, Ballard K. Management of endometriosis in general practice: the pathway to diagnosis. The British Journal of General Practice: The Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners. 2007;57:470-6.
  38. Nnoaham KE, Hummelshoj L, Webster P, d'Hooghe T, de Cicco Nardone F, de Cicco Nardone C, et al; World Endometriosis Research Foundation Global Study of Women's Health consortium. Impact of endometriosis on quality of life and work productivity: a multicenter study across ten countries. Fertil Steril. 2011;96(2):366-373.e8.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  39. Ghai V, Jan H, Shakir F, Haines P, Kent A. Diagnostic delay for superficial and deep endometriosis in the United Kingdom. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2020;40(1):83-9.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  40. Brown J, Farquhar C. Endometriosis: an overview of Cochrane Reviews. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(3):CD009590.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  41. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 760: Dysmenorrhea and Endometriosis in the Adolescent. Obstet Gynecol. 2018;132(6):e249-e58.[Crossref] 
  42. Galinkin J, Koh JL. Recognition and management of iatrogenically induced opioid dependence and withdrawal in children. Committee on Drugs, Section on Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, American Academy of Pediatrics. Pediatrics. 2014;133:152-5.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  43. Allen C, Hopewell S, Prentice A, Gregory D. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs for pain in women with endometriosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 2.[Crossref] 
  44. Marjoribanks J, Ayeleke RO, Farquhar C, Proctor M. Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for dysmenorrhoea. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD001751.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  45. Proctor M, Farquhar C. Diagnosis and management of dysmenorrhoea. BMJ. 2006;332(7550):1134-8.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  46. Burnett M, Lemyre M. No. 345-Primary Dysmenorrhea Consensus Guideline. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2017;39:585-95.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  47. Evans S. Management of persistent pelvic pain in girls and women. Aust Fam Physician. 2015;44:454-9.
  48. Dmitrovic R, Kunselman AR, Legro RS. Continuous compared with cyclic oral contraceptives for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2012;119:1143-50.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  49. Laufer MR. Helping "adult gynecologists" diagnose and treat adolescent endometriosis: reflections on my 20 years of personal experience. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2011;24(5 Suppl):S13-7.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  50. Muzii L, Maneschi F, Marana R, Porpora MG, Zupi E, Bellati F, et al. Oral estroprogestins after laparoscopic surgery to excise endometriomas: continuous or cyclic administration? Results of a multicenter randomized study. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2011;18:173-8.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  51. Kennedy S, Bergqvist A, Chapron C, et al; ESHRE Special Interest Group for Endometriosis and Endometrium Guideline Development Group. ESHRE guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis. Hum Reprod. 2005;20(10):2698-704.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  52. Brown J, Kives S, Akhtar M. Progestagens and antiprogestagens for pain associated with endometriosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2012, Issue 3.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  53. Brown J, Pan A, Hart RJ. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues for pain associated with endometriosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2010, Issue 12.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  54. Davis L-J, Kennedy SS, Moore J, Prentice A. Oral contraceptives for pain associated with endometriosis. Cochrane. Database of Systematic Reviews. 2007, Issue 3.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  55. Steenberg CK, TanboTG, Qvigstad E. Endometriosis in adolescence: predictive markers and management. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2013;92(5):491-5.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  56. Laufer MR. Current approaches to optimizing the treatment of endometriosis in adolescents. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2008;66 (Suppl 1):19-27.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  57. Sanfilippo JS, Mansuria SM, Donnellan NM. Surgical problems in the pediatric patient. In: Bieber EJ, Sanfilippo JS, Horowitz IR, Shafi MI, eds. Clinical Gynecology. 2nd ed. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press; 2015. p.576-8.
  58. Laufer MR, Einarsson JI. Surgical Management of Superficial Peritoneal Adolescent Endometriosis. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2019;32(3):339-41.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  59. Doyle JO, Missmer SA, Laufer MR. The effect of standard surgical-medical intervention on the progression of endometriosis. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2009;22:257.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  60. Yeung P, Sinervo K, Winer W, et al. Complete laparoscopic excision of endometriosis in teenagers: is postoperative hormonal suppression necessary? Fertil Steril. 2011;95:1909.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  61. Hart RJ, Hickey M, Maouris P, Buckett W.. Excisional surgery versus ablative surgery for ovarian endometriomata. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;(2):CD004992.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  62. DuKy JM, Arambage K, Correa FJ, Olive D, Fincher S, Garry R, et al. Laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2014, Issue 4.[Crossref] 
  63. Wilson-Harris BM, Nutter B, Falcone T. Long-term fertility after laparoscopy for endometriosis-associated pelvic pain in young adult women. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2014;21(6):1061-6.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  64. Laufer MR. Helping "adult gynecologists" diagnose and treat adolescent endometriosis: reflections on my 20 years of personal experience. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2011;24, (5 Suppl):S13-7ç.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  65. Furness S, Yap C, Farquhar C, Cheong YC. Pre and postoperative medical therapy for endometriosis surgery. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2004, Issue 3.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  66. Lu D, Song H, Li Y, Clarke J, Shi G. Pentoxifylline for endometriosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 1.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  67. Tandoi I, Somigliana E, Riparini J, Ronzoni S, Vigano' P, Candiani M. High rate of endometriosis recurrence in young women. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2011;24(6):376-9.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  68. Liu X, Yuan L, Shen F, Zhu Z, Jiang H, Guo SW. Patterns of and risk factors for recurrence in women with ovarian endometriomas. Obstet Gynecol. 2007;109(6):1411-20.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  69. Cheong Y, Tay P, Luk F, Gan HC, Li TC, Cooke I. Laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis: How often do we need to re-operate? J Obstet Gynaecol. 2008;28(1):82-5.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  70. Laufer MR, Sanfilippo J, Rose G. Adolescent endometriosis: diagnosis and treatment approaches. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2003;16(3 Suppl):S3-11.[Crossref] 
  71. Lee SY, Kim ML, Seong SJ, Bae JW, Cho YJ. Recurrence of Ovarian Endometrioma in Adolescents after Conservative, Laparoscopic Cyst Enucleation. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2017;30(2):228-33.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  72. Berlanda N, Vercellini P, Fedele L. The outcomes of repeat surgery for recurrent symptomatic endometriosis. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2010;22(4):320-5.[Crossref] [PubMed]